‘The Pit and The Pendulum’ by Edgar Allan Poe and ‘An Encounter’ by James Joyce Essay

An investigative investigation of ‘The Pit and The Pendulum’, ‘An Encounter’ and ‘The Pedestrian’, concentrating on the subjects of loss of motion, entanglement and confinement The writings picked for this examination are: ‘The Pit and The Pendulum’ by Edgar Allan Poe and ‘An Encounter’ by James Joyce which, I feel, are proper as they give complete inclusion of the subjects broke down while figuring out how to cover a recorded time of somewhere in the range of seventy years1. Poe’s piece is a dim, Gothic work which bargains, in extraordinary profundity, with the thought of both mental and physical loss of motion enveloped in a capturing and confined environment. Joyce, then again, takes a typically progressively differing and unobtrusive way to deal with the idea of loss of motion, shrewdly disguising the subject inside the stale environmental factors of his Dublin. Verbal ‘entrapment’ is besides offered as a questionable older man. The story ‘An Encounter’ by James Joyce adequately displays numerous expressive highlights related with the pioneer writer †for instance the utilization of revelation or composing through first individual account, with internal monolog to feature the cognizance of the hero and furthermore unobtrusively disclose the sentiments of others to the maybe more ‘aware’ readership. In any case, Poe, in actuality, decides to play the cards of stun and dread in a style which is unmistakably progressively unequivocal and abhorrent in correlation with Joyce’s consolidation of vagueness. The subject of loss of motion is critical to Joyce’s work †the thought is certain all through Dubliners all in all. With this thought comes its direct opposite †escape †or as for ‘An Encounter’ and a significant number of different stories, foiled departure. It is a result of the character’s want to accomplish this opportunity, that when the day neglects to arrive at its exclusive standards, the stagnation and limitation of the environmental factors are capably fortified †maybe even affirmed. From the beginning of the story, Joyce contemplates the thought of getaway. Characters scanning for such a break, frequently portray how they would wish to make a trip far off to accomplish it. So significant, it appears, is this thought the hero of the underlying story of Dubliners, can be cited of seeking to intriguing, remote dream: ‘I felt that I had been exceptionally far away, in some land where the traditions were unusual †in Persia, I thought.’ This inclination is transparently displayed in ‘An Encounter’, as Joyce’s first individual storyteller states; ‘Real undertakings, I reflected, don't occur to individuals who stay at home: they should be looked for abroad.’ In the story, Joyce builds up the subject as an internal monolog †the musings of the hero directing how his ‘Wild West’ undertakings ‘opened entryways of escape’. The technique utilized is very standard of the creator the manners of thinking of the kid (identifying with escape) are eventually what drive the story, yet Joyce discreetly passes on them through unpretentious, unexceptional subtleties. Joyce’s relationship with his old neighborhood shows up, similar to his works, marginally questionable. He may frequently be cited of his abhorrence for the stale city2, prevailing with regards to showing it with a nonattendance of excitement, as a dying, non-significant hive. Be that as it may, one feels that truth be told, subsequent to perusing his work an inconspicuous friendship is without a doubt evident †maybe Joyce’s time spent in exile3 brooded a natural yearning for the city †Dublin’s entanglement being, maybe, what fue lled this interest with the unimportant occurring of the city? Joyce’s relationship with the topic of ensnarement in Dubliners is fundamental to the content: now and again he seems aim, at others repulsed. ‘An Encounter’ manages strategies for get away from other than fascinating remote experience, concentrating on the endeavor of two young men to ‘break out of the weariness’ of their regular condition. In spite of the fact that, from the start the possibility of experience energizes the little youngsters, there is steady undercurrent of disappointment painstakingly interweaved into the story. Joyce composes from the principal individual point see, frequently through analepsis. It is maybe a result of this that a regular quality of disappointment seeks after the youthful students †it seems as though the story is being reviewed by a man disenthralled by the ‘restraining’ and eventually incapacitated city of Dublin. Regularly Joyce won't submit any intense feeling to occasions, liking to utilize d ull qualifying modifiers or descriptors; ‘†¦ We were all enigmatically excited†¦ it was a mellow bright morning’ Joyce eagerly decides to concentrate in on the most vapid subtleties, ordinarily deciding to concentrate on observational sense experience â€, for example, Mahoney’s dark suit or the ‘brown4 angling fleet’-which attempts to smother the light environment. This idea is additionally comparative with the illustrative state of mind, which the creator deliberately produces through negative summoning of specific angles: ‘†¦ The accommodating horses†¦ the drivers of moaning carts.’ This procedure of capability through modifiers produces a quelled environment corresponding to that of the fatigued internal cognizance of the heroes. The pessimism which is currently clear in nearly everything experienced seems, by all accounts, to be an entangling operator over the young men, who pout into a surrendered and fairly angry express, a state which is moreover repeated by the reiteration of the modifier ‘too’: ‘It was past the point of no return and we were too worn out to even consider carrying out our undertaking of visiting the Pigeon House.’ Joyce has prevailing with regards to introducing Dublin as an inept city of circularity and entanglement. He is presently restless to eradicate the protagonist’s guarantee; ‘I was very happy’, from the audience’s recollections, presenting words, for example, ‘solemn’, ‘sedulous’ and in the end even means the character’s contemplations as ‘jaded’. There is steady, yet reasonable redundancy of the modifier ‘tired’ †the day has gotten dreary, experience and break have demonstrated subtle, and the experience of a not exactly unbelievable sailor has affirmed that the hero won't discover cheerfulness in Dublin, everlastingly destined to live in the dreams of comic book and writing. Be that as it may, notwithstanding its absence of occasion, the day provides the young men with one remarkable occurrence. Yearnings of departure having been supplanted, Joyce starts another passage concentrating fundamentally on the quiet and ‘stillness’ of the possible circumstance: ‘There was no one however ourselves in the field. [We had] lain on the bank for quite a while without speaking’. Through making such a foreboding, yet ‘dying’ environment †sentences gradually getting shorter, progressively compact (vanquishing innovative chance as showed by the young men heretofore) and less pleasant utilization of jargon †Joyce flags the requirement for new topics to be presented. He accomplishes this through the presentation of an inquisitive older enemy. The elderly person presents the chance of inside and out monolog and direct discourse. In the discussion with the young men, he apparently figures out how to ensnare the youthful hero with his reference to writing †a subject of known enthusiasm to the kid †and furthermore through shrewdly joining a vile ‘circular’ approach. Joyce is extremely quick to abuse the possibility of circularity in his work and in this piece, the ‘monotonous’ voice of the rival and the manner in which his voice ‘slowly hovers all around in the equivalent orbit’, help to accomplish the enchanting nature of the man. This strategy deadens the storyteller, who apparently permits the man to give a talk as a monolog †for the most part because of his clear failure to interfere. The amenability clear in the boy’s character is looking back, a long way from being helpful. Joyce certainly show his own perspectives on the costly Jesuit tutoring that the hero has been liable to by setting the kid in a circumstance of peril. The resultant incongruity †learnt social aptitudes being a prevention †additionally helps feature Joyce’s dismissal for the congregation and its foundations. The stressing highlight of the man’s talk is the verifiably unreasonable manner by which he talks. He much of the time alludes to the ‘whipping’ of little youngsters, with one feels, over-sensitive passion. Joyce builds up the man’s odd methodology through principally utilizing such modifiers as ‘magnetised’ and ‘circle’ concerning his perspective. This makes the feeling that he is determined to the subject. Also, an area of detailed discourse is presented; ‘When a kid was unpleasant and boisterous there was nothing would benefit him in any way however a decent solid whipping†¦ what he needed was to get a pleasant warm whipping.’ Joyce stresses the keeps an eye on uplifting point of view toward the subject using a positive lexical range; there is redundancy of the word ‘good’ †right off the bat as a thing, besides as a descriptive word †and furthermore utilization of the descriptor ‘nice’, which shows up to some degree lost when utilized related to the idea of whipping. The protagonist’s disengagement from thoughtful intelligent people because of youthful age implies he rushes to warm to the elderly person when he discusses writing. In the revelation, he even seems separated from his dearest companion, Mahoney, and it appears to me that the revelation of the piece (from the youthful boy’s point of view) affirms that the more established man has impacted his perspectives †both mentally and explicitly. It creates the impression that after ensnarement, the seclusion of the na㠯⠿â ½ve kid has le

Thou Shall Not Kill :: essays research papers

) The death penalty is the slaughtering of an executioner. The demonstration of capital discipline isn't right and pointless and I have scarcely any reasons why. At the point when a killer is executed or shot by deadly infusion it costs twice as much as a criminal sitting in prison for a long time. Another explanation this is an exceptionally awful idea is on the grounds that death penalty empowers murder. Finally regardless how wiped out and insane these pitiable brutes are, they despite everything don't have the right to be denied their entitlement to live. The death penalty is certainly not a savvy thought for the detainment facilities who put it into impact. The execution of a detainee a lot of cash, which is superfluous to spend. In the event that we continue slaughtering these criminals, we'll immediately come up short on cash, basically on account of this inefficient demonstration. The cash that is going towards the execution and the provisions are originating from your assessment cash. The more individuals the administration keeps on slaughtering, the less cash will go towards things we truly need and need. The specialists are empowering murders in view of the death penalty. In pretty much every general public overall killing isn't right and ought to have exacting discipline whenever done. However this law is obvious to all Americans; capital discipline is repudiating it. The administration says executing is as it were supported in specific situations, in which some sentenced criminals fall under. This is making an impression on the open that if it's under sure circumstances murdering an individual is impeccably good. Taking everything into account, the death penalty is excessively costly, energizes murder, what's more, is just off-base. This demonstration of homicide impacts everybody for the more regrettable. It should end, at the present time.

The Underneath of Real Cyber Bullying Sample Essay

The Underneath of Real Cyber Bullying Sample Essay An anonymous enemy always remains unknown. The victim is suffering by asking the questions, “Why me? Am I so weak?” The victims of cyberbullying are strong personalities as they are afraid of much worse things like depriving of using the laptop or mobile phone for online activities. Many parents make the decision to separate their kids from the online worlds after they find out about any kind of bullying. The fear of losing the access to the online world makes children and teenagers face the cyberbullying alone without any support from the adults. The online bullying is different from the traditional one by the specifications of the online world such as the opportunity to remain anonymous, a huge audience and the chance to get in touch with the future victim at any time of day or night. The goal of such activities is causing psychological harm with the help of sending emails, messages through chats, social networks and so on. The behaviour is usually aggressive towards the victim and it’s usually based on the difference in psychological and physical power plus a status in the social networks. What we can call a real cyberbullying are jokes that are taken too seriously by the victims as well as serious psychological fright that can cause irreparable harm or it can even lead to the suicide. We can distinguish a special term such as bullycide that means the death of the victim because of the cyber bullying. A few adults pay attention to what’s happening in the virtual world where their kids spend much of their free time. However, a few of them know about the cases of real bullying that led to injuries or attempts of suicide. They just cry something like “I don’t know how it could happen” or “I had no idea about bullying”. There’s a real lack of preventing activities nowadays that could save thousands of kids from any attempts of being bullied. A cyberbullying is not visible, you can’t touch it or recognise it unless you notice some strange changes in the behaviour of the kids. Let’s consider one of the first well-known examples of cyber bullying that happened in 2002 with Ghyslain Raza. He portrayed a character from “Star Wars” using a baseball bat instead of a light sword. His classmates made a video and shared it throughout the world without the permission of the 14-years old boy. This video was watched by millions of people and there were many similar videos that were filmed with using the special effects and the music. The video was the most downloadable file in 2004. Such a popularity changed the life of a young teenager for worse. Everyone at school told him he should finish his life with a suicide. There were thousands of online comments where people recommended to do the same. Luckily, Ghyslain recovered from the harmful impact of the online world and became a successful lawyer. A complete exclusion of cyberbullying is impossible as any kind of cruelty in the virtual world or in real life. However, every kid and teenager should know that there are people who he or she can contact in case of any problems. This person or organisation should be completely anonymous and free. The adults should pay more attention to the psychological state of their kids and regulate any conflicts that they become aware of. To sum up, the cyber bullying is a real problem of the online world. Kids and teenagers are afraid of being isolated if they inform their parents or other adults about any cases of bullying. A psychological harm can be so destroying that it can lead to suicides of teenagers or kids. Adults should pay more attention to the lives and interests of their kids and teach them what to do in case someone wants to harm them. The opportunity to have a person who can help overcome problems or defeat the online enemy will prevent the harmful impact of the cyberbullying.

What Is the Renaissance in Architecture

The Renaissance describes an era from roughly 1400 to 1600 AD when art and architectural design returned to the Classical ideas of ancient Greece and Rome. In large part, it was a movement spurred on by the advances in printing by Johannes Gutenberg in 1440. The wider dissemination of Classical works, from the ancient Roman poet Virgil to the Roman architect Vitruvius, created a renewed interest in the Classics and a humanist way of thinking that broke with long-standing medieval notions. This age of awakening in Italy and northern Europe became known as the Renaissance, which means born anew in French. The Renaissance in European history left behind the Gothic era; it was a new way for writers, artists, and architects to look at the world after the Middle Ages. In Britain, it was the time of William Shakespeare, a writer who seemed to be interested in everything; art, love, history, and tragedy. In Italy, the Renaissance flourished with artists of innumerable talents. Before the dawn of the Renaissance (often pronounced REN-ah-zahns), Europe was dominated by asymmetrical and ornate Gothic architecture. During the Renaissance, however, architects were inspired by the highly symmetrical and carefully proportioned buildings of Classical Greece and Rome. Features of Renaissance Buildings The influence of Renaissance architecture is still felt today in a more contemporary home. Consider that the common Palladian window originated in Italy during the Renaissance. Other characteristic features of the eras architecture include: Symmetrical arrangement of windows and doorsExtensive use of columns of the Classical orders and pilastersTriangular pedimentsSquare lintelsArchesDomesNiches with sculptures Phases of Renaissance Architecture Artists in northern Italy were exploring new ideas for centuries before the period we call the Renaissance. However, the 1400s and 1500s brought an explosion of talent and innovation. Florence, Italy is often considered the center of the Early Italian Renaissance. During the early 1400s, the painter and architect Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) designed the great Duomo (cathedral) dome in Florence (c. 1436), so innovative in design and construction that even today its called Brunelleschis Dome. The Ospedale degli Innocenti (c. 1445), a childrens hospital also in Florence, Italy, was one of Brunelleschis first designs. Brunelleschi also rediscovered the principles of linear perspective, which the more refined Leon Battista Alberti (1404 to 1472) examined further and documented. Alberti, as a writer, architect, philosopher, and poet, became known as the true Renaissance Man of many skills and interests. His design of the Palazzo Rucellai (c. 1450) is said to be truly divorced from the medieval style, and could finally be considered quintessentially Renaissance: Albertis books on painting and architecture are considered classics to this day. What is called the High Renaissance was dominated by the works of Leonardo da Vinci (1452 to 1519) and the young upstart Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475 to 1564). These artists built on the works of those who came before them, extending a classical brilliance that is admired to this day. Leonardo, famous for his paintings of The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa, continued the tradition of what we call the Renaissance Man. His notebooks of inventions and geometrical sketches, including the Vitruvian Man, remain iconic. As an urban planner, like the ancient Romans before him, da Vinci spent his last years in France, planning a Utopian city for the King. During the 1500s, the great Renaissance master, the radical Michelangelo Buonarroti, painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and designed the dome for St. Peters Basilica in the Vatican. Michelangelos most recognizable sculptures are arguably the Pieta and the grand 17-foot marble statue of David. The Renaissance in Europe was a time when art and architecture were inseparable and the skills and talents of a single man could change the course of culture. Often talents worked together under Papal direction. Lasting Influences of Renaissance Architects A Classical approach to architecture spread through Europe, thanks to books by two important Renaissance architects. Originally printed in 1562, the Canon of the Five Orders of Architecture by Giacomo da Vignola (1507 to 1573) was a practical textbook for the 16th-century builder. It was a how-to pictorial description for building with different types of Greek and Roman columns. As an architect Vignola had a hand in St. Peters Basilica and the Palazzo Farnese in Rome, Villa Farnese, and other large country estates for the Catholic elite of Rome. Like other Renaissance architects of his time, Vignola designed with balusters, which became known as banisters in the 20th and 21st centuries. Andrea Palladio (1508 to 1580) may have been even more influential than Vignola.  Originally published in 1570, The Four Books of Architecture by Palladio not only described the five Classical Orders, but also showed with floor plans and elevation drawings how to apply the Classical elements to houses, bridges, and basilicas. In the fourth book, Palladio examines real Roman temples; local architecture like the Pantheon in Rome was deconstructed and illustrated in what continues to be a textbook of Classical design. Andrea Palladios architecture from the 1500s still stands as some of the finest examples of Renaissance design and construction. Palladios Redentore and San Giorigo Maggiore in Venice, Italy are not the Gothic sacred places of the past, but with columns, domes, and pediments they are reminiscent of Classical architecture. With the Basilica in Vicenza, Palladio transformed the Gothic remains of one building into what became a template for the Palladian window we know toda y. La Rotonda (Villa Capra) shown on this page, with its columns and symmetry and dome, became a template in years to come for a new Classical or neo-classical architecture worldwide. As Renaissance approaches to building spread to France, Spain, Holland, Germany, Russia, and England, each country incorporated its own building traditions and created its own version of Classicism. By the 1600s, architectural design took another turn as ornate Baroque styles emerged and came to dominate Europe. Long after the Renaissance period ended, however, architects were inspired by Renaissance ideas. Thomas Jefferson was influenced by Palladio and modeled his own home at Monticello on Palladios La Rotonda. At the turn of the twentieth century, American architects like Richard Morris Hunt designed grand style homes that resembled palaces and villas from Renaissance Italy. The Breakers in Newport, Rhode Island may look like a Renaissance cottage, but as it was built in 1895 it is Renaissance Revival. If the Renaissance of Classical designs had not happened in the 15th and 16th centuries, would we know anything of ancient Greek and Roman architecture? Maybe, but the Renaissance sure makes it easier.

How Christianity and Paganism Coexisted in Beowulf Essay

Beowulf is a great example of how Christian beliefs and pagan views could coexists so well in a poem. The poem Beowulf written by an unknown Christian monk around A.D. 700 compares the beliefs of many to the new beliefs that are beginning to form around the world. The poem shows how the people of the time thought about their world and how the things around them happened and they think that the devil controls these things.In Beowulf, we explore both Christian and pagan beliefs, and how they were able to coexist at the time. In the poem, Christianity is shown though the understanding of symbolism to create the ideas of Christianity. The â€Å"Song of Creation† is made famous in Beowulf as the first Christian reference in a poem. The poem make†¦show more content†¦The poem on lines 588-92 referrer to her house as hell: â€Å"Then he realized, suddenly,/That she had brought him into someone’s battle-hall,/And there the water’s heat could not hurt him, Nor a nything in the lake attack him through/The building’s high arched roof...† In Beowulf Hrothgar’s subjects are told to be pagans by their belief that the devil can rid Herot of Grendel. In lines 90-94 their beliefs are shown: â€Å"And sometimes they sacrificed to the old stone gods,/Made heathen vows, hoping for Hell’s/Support, the Devil’s guidance in driving/Their affliction off. That was their way...† Materialism in the Anglo-Saxon society was honorable idea at the time for warriors that travel to other nations to battle and when they succeed at their task the ruler would give them treasure to take back to their home nation. This is noted in lines 389-91 explain how materialism is viewed: â€Å"Keep it free of evil, fight/With glory in your heart! Purge Herot/And your ship will sail home with its treasure-holds full.† At the end of Beowulf when he is fighting the dragon all of his men but one deserted him in battle and he is able to injure the dragon enough that Beowulf deliveries the killing wound. In the poem the pagan references are noting how the followers of Hrothgar and Beowulf believe that the devil holds the power to change what is happening around them and make it better. Hrothgar and BeowulfShow MoreRelatedPaganism In Beowulf1683 Words   |  7 Pageswithin the epic poem Beowulf is the continuous, underlying theme of good versus evil – the shift from paganism to Christianity. Although this epic consists of the battle between the hero, Beowulf, and the monster, Grendel (and Grendel’s mother, as well), the main overture of the story is that of the new Christian belief triumphing over evil and the old pagan beliefs. This value is but one of many that contrast the pagan and Christian principles in Anglo-Saxon and in Beowulf. The blending and cultivation

Old People Free Essays

Michael Bagen SPE 101 Speech 12/14/10 Outline I. Attention getter: Going to Wedding, old man hits car i. Credibility: Real life situations with older drivers, Dad is an EMT and talks to me about calls all the time ii. We will write a custom essay sample on Old People or any similar topic only for you Order Now Topics: The facts of old drivers, real-life stories, solutions iii. Thesis: I want a federal law to be passed that forces any driver the age of 65 and older to be retested every 3 years to not only save their lives, but others around them. II. Statistics: i. In next 20 years, the number of elderly drivers triple in amount according to Smart Motorist . Older drivers more conservative when driving rarely changing there habits because of factors such as busy highways or nighttime where as other drivers may go another route b. More accidents than kids, mostly at intersections c. At the age of 65 there is a much greater risk for a driver to be engaged in a vehicle accident 1. At the age of 75 that risk increases from just a crash to an accident involving a fatality because of there higher risk of bad eyes or slower reaction time ii. Troubles with Age a. Bad at making turns b. Slower response rates and reaction times to a drastic change c. Studies show that most accidents involving the elderly are caused at intersections there also multi-vehicle accidents iii. In Japan (2006) a. 20. 8 percent over age 65 b. 13. 1 percent licensed drivers iv. Between 75-84 years old a. Rate of 3 deaths per 100 million miles 1. Over age of 85, chances increase nearly four times v. By 2030 a. Predictions for over age 65 1. Responsible for over 25% of fatal crashes vi. Database, Accidents Analysis Prevention – July 2010 a. tested 10 teenagers and 10 senior citizens . used pedestrians to test stopping skills 1. 1. 8% slower in front stopping 2. 2. 8% slower on right side 3. 2. 1% slower for left side vii. One of the problems no one wants to fight this is because Seniors are one of the biggest group of voters every election a. Take away there licenses they can’t drive to the polls b. Take away there licenses even if they could drive they probably won’t vote for you III. Real Stories: i. Elizabeth Grimes a. 90 years old b. Drove through a red light at an intersection and hit one car and then smashed into 17 year old Katie Bolka 1. A classmates mom heard the crash from a couple cars back and ran out to see if anyone needed help, she recognized the school uniform from her kids and she called to school to let them know 2. On this day Katie left early because she wanted to get to school early for some last minute cramming since she had exams that day an had spent the previous weekend studying. a. If she left at her normal time instead of leaving early her 14-year-old sister would have been in the car with her then they both might not be here today. b. 5. 5 days later, she died, she never regained consciousness c. Of the other four people in the accident including Elizabeth they all survived with minor injuries. ii. George Russell Weller (2003, Santa Monica CA) a. Age 86, Weller suffered from arthritis, nausea as a side effect of medication, and reduced mobility from a hip replacement. b. George hit the back end of a Mercedes and after doing this he began to accelerate around a corner 1. He went through a road closed sign signifying that there was a farmers market going on and then proceeded to drive at around speeds of 40-60mph for about 1,000ft The only reason his car finally stopped was from bodies being under it. 2. Killed 10 people . Injured over 70 people in his Buick 1. Mistook the accelerator for the break 3. Too old to go to jail – charged for manslaughter a. Fined $101,700. b. Five years of felony probation. 4. Aftermath: a. As of May 22, 2008 the City of San Fransisco has paid out over $21 million to settle dozens of civil suits from the families b. The man that caused all th is grief and devistation is confined to his house for the rest of his life receiving 24 hour nursing care 5. Scary part besides the obvious a. His DMV record was almost spotless, besides one accident that occurred almost 10 years prior b. The accidents were almost identical to. While he didn’t cause any harm that time the fashion of crash was almost the same with his car driving off the road for no reason and then him getting out looking dazed and confused. iii. Elizabeth Baldick a. Age 84 b. Drove her car though a Sears from entrance 1. Completely mauling over a register counter including the employee behind it 2. The only thing that stopped her car was a cement support beam in the store 3. If it wasn’t for that she may not have stopped for a while a. Even after the crash had happened her foot was still pressing down on the gas and you could hear the tires still trying to move 4. The only reason she could give for all this happening was because she was currently on some medication IV. Some Solutions: i. Federal Law Passed. a. Every 3 years get re-tested 1. Check eyes and reactions ii. Doctors should work closer with the DMV a. By having doctors work closer we can get people off the road that shouldn’t be driving b. If someone comes in with a seizure, eye problem anything that could impair there driving abilities the doctor should take it upon themselves to let the DMV know c. Or a doctor giving out medication that has side effects that could do the same the DMV should know about these things . On a personal note my cousin lives in California and is currently going through some medical problems, while he was driving a couple months ago he had a seizure. He had no history of seizures or anything of the sort but after going to the doctor he was not allowed to drive for the next couple months while he was under observation so it wouldn’t happen agai n 2. Before he was allowed to drive again he had to get written consent to provide to the DMV from his doctor saying he is allowed to drive again. 3. My cousin is in his mid 40’s, why aren’t we doing this to people that are twice his age and are still driving? ii. Increase profit a. Government will make more money with retests 1. Lower down the debt iv. States that passed this law a. 23 states require periodical visits to DMV b. Only 16 of those states require visual tests v. More precise tests a. Make the eye exams for any situation 1. Florida has enacted a new more strict eye exam for the elderly (80 and over) 2. Because of it 20% of the over 80 crowd don’t even go to try and renew because they don’t think they’ll pass. b. Make sure the medication won’t interfere c. Make it harder than the normal driving test vi. Urge your elderly family members to go and get checked out again, or tell them the next time they need to go somewhere to call you and you’ll take them. V. Conclusion: i. Everyone get in accidents, but with age the increase just keeps getting higher and higher ii. Pass a Federal Law to try and stop this easily avoidable problem from happening a. If Seniors want to drive that bad then they will have to follow the rules for doing so iii. Everyday a Senior citizen takes a chance while driving, who knows who could be next to fall victim to it. Works Cited: Davis, R. , Debarros, A. (2007, May 2). Older, dangerous drivers a growing problem. Editorial]. USA Today, p. 1. Retrieved November 02, 2010 from the World Wide Web: http://www. usatoday. com/ news/ nation/ 2007-05-02-older-drivers-usat1a_n. htm. Press, A. (2007). Older Drivers, Elderly Driving, Seniors At The Wheel. Retrieved November 07, 2010 from Non-Profit Organization, Smart Motorist: http://www. smartmotorist. com/ traffi c-and-safety-guideline/ older-drivers-elderly-driving-seniors-at-the-wheel. html. White, M. (2006). Senior Driving. Retrieved November 07, 2010 from Non-profit organization, Helpguide. org: http://www. helpguide. org/ elder/ senior_citizen_driving. htm. How to cite Old People, Papers

Workaholism Essay Example For Students

Workaholism Essay The official working week is being reduced to 35 hours a week. In most countries in the world, it is limited to 45 hours a week. The trend during the last century seems to be unequivocal : less work, more play. Yet, what may be true for blue collar workers or state employees is not necessarily so for white collar members of the liberal professions. It is not rare for these people lawyers, accountants, consultants, managers, academics to put in 80 hour weeks. The phenomenon is so widespread and its social consequences so damaging that it acquired the unflattering nickname workaholism, a combination of the words work and alcoholism. Family life is disrupted, intellectual horizons narrow, the consequences to the workaholics health are severe : fat, lack of exercise, stress take their toll. Classified as alpha types, workaholics suffer three times as many heart attacks as their peers. But what are the social and economic roots of this phenomenon ? Put succinctly, it is the result of the blurring borders and differences between work and leisure. The distinction between these two types of time the one dedicated to labour and the one spent in the pursuit of ones interests was so clear for thousands of years that its gradual disappearance is one of the most important and profound social changes in human history. A host of other shifts in the character of the work and domestic environments of humans converged to produce this momentous change. Arguably the most important was the increase in labour mobility and the fluid nature of the very concept of work and the workplace. The transitions from agricultural to industrial, then to the services and now to the information and knowledge societies, each, in turn, increased the mobility of the workforce. A farmer is the least mobile. His means of production are fixed, his produce was mostly consumed locally because of lack of proper refrigeration, preservation and transportation methods. A marginal group of people became nomad- traders. This group exploded in size with the advent of the industrial revolution. True, the bulk of the workforce was still immobile and affixed to the production floor. But raw materials and the finished products travelled long distances to faraway markets. Professional services were needed and the professional manager, the lawyer, the accountant, the consultant, the trader, the broker all emerged as both the parasites of the production processes and the indispensable oil on its cogs. Then came the services industry. Its protagonists were no longer geographically dependent. They rendered their services to a host of employers in a variety of ways and geographically spread. This trend accelerated today, at the beginning of the information and knowledge revolution. Knowledge is not locale-bound. It is easily transferable across boundaries. Its ephemeral quality gives it a-temporal and non-spatial qualities. The location of the participants in the economic interactions of this new age are geographically transparent. These trends converged with an increase of mobility of people, goods and data (voice, visual, textual and other). The twin revolutions of transportation and of telecommunications really reduced the world to a global village. Phenomena like commuting to work and multinationals were first made possible. Facsimile messages, electronic mail, other modem data transfers, the Internet broke not only physical barriers but also temporal ones. Today, virtual offices are not only spatially virtual but also temporally so. This means that workers can collaborate not only across continents but also across time zones. They can leave their work for someone else to continue in an electronic mailbox, for instance. These last technological advances precipitated the fragmentation of the very concepts of work and workplace. No longer the three Aristotelian dramatic unities. Work could be carried out in different places, not simultaneously, by workers who worked part time whenever it suited them best, Flexitime and work from home replaced commuting as the preferred venue (much moreso in the Anglo-Saxon countries, but they have always been the pioneering harbingers of change). This fitted squarely into the social fragmentation which characterizes todays world : the disintegration of previously cohesive social structures, such as the nuclear (not to mention the extended) family. This was all neatly wrapped in the ideology of individualism which was presented as a private case of capitalism and liberalism. People were encouraged to feel and behave as distinct, autonomous units. The perception of individuals as islands replaced the former perception of humans as cells in an organism. This trend was coupled with and enhanced by the unprecedented successive annual rises in productivity and increases in world trade. These trends were brought about by new management techniques, new production technology, innovative inventory control methods, automatization, robotization, plant modernization, telecommunications (which facilitates more efficient transfers of information), even new design concepts. But productivity gains made humans redundant. No amount of retraining could cope with the incredible rate of technological change. The more technologically advanced the country the higher its structural unemployment (attributable to changes in the very structure of the market) went. In Western Europe, it shot up from 5-6% of the workforce to 9% in one decade. One way to manage this flood of ejected humans was to cut the workweek. Another was to support a large population of unemployed. The third, more tacit, way was to legitimize leisure time. Whereas the Jewish and Protestant work ethics condemned idleness in the past they now started encouraging people to self fulfil, pursue habits and non-work related interests and express the whole of their personality. This served to blur the historical differences between work and leisure. They were both commended now by the mores of our time. Work became less and less structured and rigid formerly, the main feature of leisure time. Work could be pursued and to an ever growing extent, was pursued from home. The territorial separation between work-place and home turf was essentially eliminated. The emotional leap was only a question of time. Historically, people went to work because they had to and all the rest was designated pleasure. Now, both were pleasure or torture or mixture. Some people began to enjoy their work so much that it fulfilled for them the functions normally reserved to leisure time. They are the workaholics. Others continued to hate work but felt disoriented in the new, leisure enriched environment. They were not qualified or trained to deal with excess time, lack of framework, no clear instructions what to do, when, with whom and to what. Socialization processes and socialization agents (the State, parents, educators, employers) were not geared nor did they regar d it as being their responsibility to train the populace to cope with free time and with the baffling and dazzling variety of options. Economies and markets can be classified using many criteria. Not the least of them is the work-leisure axis. Those societies and economies that maintain the old distinction between (hated) work and (liberating) leisure are doomed to perish or, at best, radically lag behind. This is because they will not have developed a class of workaholics big enough to move the economy ahead. And this is the Big Lesson : it takes workaholics to create, maintain and expand capitalism. As opposed to common beliefs (held by the uninitiated) people, mostly, do not engage in business because they are looking for money (the classic profit motive). They do what they do because they like the Game of Business, its twists and turns, the brainstorming, the battle of brains, subjugating markets, the ups and downs, the excitement. All this has nothing to do with pure money. It has everything to do with psychology. True, the meter by which success is measured in the world of money is money but very fast it is transformed into an abstract meter, akin to the monopoly money. It is a symbol of shrewdness, wit, foresight and insight. Workaholics identify business with pleasure. They are the embodiment of the pleasure principle. They make up the class of the entrepreneurs, the managers, the businessmen. They are the movers, the shakers, the pushers, the energy. Without them, we have socialist economies, where everything belongs to everyone and, actually to none. In these economies of collective ownership people go to work because they have to, they try to avoid it, to sabotage the workplace, they harbour negative feelings. Slowly, they wither and die (professionally) because no one can live long in hatred and deceit. Joy is an essential ingredient. And this is the true meaning of capitalism : the abolition of work and leisure and the pursuit of both with the sam e zeal and satisfaction. Above all, the (increasing) liberty to do it whenever, wherever, with whomever you choose. Unless and until the Homo East Europeansis changes his set of mind there will be no real transition. Because transition happens in the human mind much before it takes form in reality. It is no use to dictate, to legislate, to finance, to cajole, to offer the human being must change first. It was Marx (a devout non-capitalist) who said : it is consciousness that determines reality. How right was he. Witness the USA and witness the miserable failure of communism. .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 , .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .postImageUrl , .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 , .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:hover , .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:visited , .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:active { border:0!important; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:active , .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0 .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u468b0a24ce13125dec44b2aa4ba0fde0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Road Not Taken Essay We will write a custom essay on Workaholism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Free Essays on Overpopulation In Prisons

Overpopulation in Prisons According to Allen J. Beck, Ph.D an estimated 1,585,400 persons were incarcerated in the United States in 1995 and that since 1985 the total number of inmates in the State and Federal prisons has grown 8.3 percent annually. (Beck, 1) The prisons in the United States are seeing about 45,000 new inmates each year. Greg Botonis, writer for the Los Angeles Daily News, says â€Å"Since the first year [California State Prison] opened, more than 4,000 inmates have been assigned to the prison designed for 2,200, and the population explosion has been especially great since spring.† (Botonis, 1) Those are pretty big numbers. From 1994 to 1995 Iowa’s prison population alone grew 8.6 percent. How can the government afford to keep putting this many people in prison? That’s right, the taxpayers are paying for it. Overpopulation in prisons impacts negatively on staff morale and on the services rendered, it also is the cause for abnormally high maintenance costs of pris on facilities. Why are we having problems with crowding in our prisons? The overpopulation problems in the prisons are due to mandatory minimum sentencing laws which was brought out by the anti-drug abuse act of 1986. This law states that judges are required to use minimum sentences on offenders based on the type and quantity of the drug involved. Last year over half a million Americans were arrested for marijuana offenses and now most of them are in our prisons. Overpopulation in prisons has lead to the need for new prisons to be built. Which means even more money is needed from the taxpayers. Just for one inmate to stay in a federal prison for one month it costs about $1,910. The cost for building a new prison facility can vary from fifteen to sixty million dollars. The taxpayers are giving prisoners pretty much a free ride. Prisoners have it better than most American citizens. These prisoners get to have all of their utilities ... Free Essays on Overpopulation In Prisons Free Essays on Overpopulation In Prisons Overpopulation in Prisons According to Allen J. Beck, Ph.D an estimated 1,585,400 persons were incarcerated in the United States in 1995 and that since 1985 the total number of inmates in the State and Federal prisons has grown 8.3 percent annually. (Beck, 1) The prisons in the United States are seeing about 45,000 new inmates each year. Greg Botonis, writer for the Los Angeles Daily News, says â€Å"Since the first year [California State Prison] opened, more than 4,000 inmates have been assigned to the prison designed for 2,200, and the population explosion has been especially great since spring.† (Botonis, 1) Those are pretty big numbers. From 1994 to 1995 Iowa’s prison population alone grew 8.6 percent. How can the government afford to keep putting this many people in prison? That’s right, the taxpayers are paying for it. Overpopulation in prisons impacts negatively on staff morale and on the services rendered, it also is the cause for abnormally high maintenance costs of pris on facilities. Why are we having problems with crowding in our prisons? The overpopulation problems in the prisons are due to mandatory minimum sentencing laws which was brought out by the anti-drug abuse act of 1986. This law states that judges are required to use minimum sentences on offenders based on the type and quantity of the drug involved. Last year over half a million Americans were arrested for marijuana offenses and now most of them are in our prisons. Overpopulation in prisons has lead to the need for new prisons to be built. Which means even more money is needed from the taxpayers. Just for one inmate to stay in a federal prison for one month it costs about $1,910. The cost for building a new prison facility can vary from fifteen to sixty million dollars. The taxpayers are giving prisoners pretty much a free ride. Prisoners have it better than most American citizens. These prisoners get to have all of their utilities ...

Sample Weak Supplemental Essay for Duke University

Sample Weak Supplemental Essay for Duke University What should you avoid when writing a supplemental essay for college admission? Duke Universitys Trinity College offers applicants the opportunity to write a supplemental essay that answers the question: Please discuss why you consider Duke a good match for you. Is there something in particular at Duke that attracts you? Please limit your response to one or two paragraphs. The question is typical of many supplemental essays. Essentially, the admissions folks want to know why their school is of particular interest to you. Such questions often generate remarkably bland essays that make common  supplemental essay mistakes. The example below is one example of what not to do. Read the short essay, and then a critique highlighting some of the mistakes made by the author. Example of ​aWeak Supplemental Essay I believe the Trinity College of Arts and Sciences at Duke is an excellent match for me. I believe college should not be merely a gateway to the work force; it should educate the student in a variety of subjects and prepare him or her for the range of challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in life. I have always been a curious person and enjoy reading all kinds of literature and nonfiction. In high school I excelled in history, English, AP psychology, and other liberal arts subjects. I have not yet decided on a major, but when I do, it will almost certainly be in the liberal arts, such as history or political science. I know that Trinity College is very strong in these areas. But regardless of my major, I want to receive a broad education that spans a variety of areas in the liberal arts, so that I will graduate as not only a viable job prospect, but also as a well-rounded and learned adult who can make diverse and valuable contributions to my community. I believe Duke’s Trinity College will help me grow and become that kind of person. Critique of the Duke Supplemental Essay The sample supplemental essay for  Duke  is typical of what an admissions office frequently encounters. At first glance, the essay may seem just fine. The grammar and mechanics are solid, and the writer clearly wants to expand his or her education and become a well-rounded person. But think about what the prompt is actually asking: discuss why you consider Duke a good match for you. Is there something  in particular at Duke  that attracts you? The assignment here is not to describe why you want to go to college. The admissions office is asking you to explain why you want to go to Duke. A good response, then, must discuss specific aspects of Duke that appeal to the applicant. Unlike a  strong supplemental essay, the sample essay above fails to do so. Think about what the student says about Duke: the school will educate the student in a variety of subjects and present a range of challenges and opportunities. The applicant wants a broad education that spans a variety of areas. The student wants to be well-rounded and to grow. These are all worthwhile goals, but they dont say anything that is unique to Duke. Any comprehensive university offers a variety of subjects and helps students to grow. Also, by talking about the student and using phrases such as him or her, the author makes clear that the essay is presenting generalities rather than creating a clear and specific relationship between Duke and the applicant. A successful supplemental essay must clearly articulate what specific features of the school make it the right match for your personality, passions, and professional goals. The admissions folks need to see a clear and sensible reason for your desire to transfer. Is Your Supplemental Essay Specific Enough? As you write your supplemental essay, take the global replace test. If you can take your essay and substitute the name of one school for another, then you have failed to address the essay prompt adequately. Here, for example, we could replace Dukes Trinity College with the University of Maryland or Stanford or Ohio State. Nothing in the essay is actually about Duke. In short, the essay is filled with vague, generic language. The author demonstrates no specific knowledge of Duke and no clear desire actually to attend Duke. The student who wrote this supplemental essay probably hurt his or her application more than helped it.

Best buy Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Best buy Case Study - Assignment Example ased on Best Buy’s case study, customer-centricity works better because the segmentation of high-earning customers, empowers the employees to target those who will bring in more profits to the store (Boyle, 2006). In the Best Buy case study, Brad Anderson wanted an immediate change from the traditional strategy to a customer-centric strategy. However, as evidenced in Boyle’s magazine article, the shift from a traditional strategy to a customer-centric strategy also many problems. The profits and growth of a company’s branches are not made easily as most managers imagine (Capon, 2008). According to the CEO at Best Buy, Brad Anderson, the transformation is not always smooth as most people would expect (Boyle, 2006). In addition, the traditional strategy of offering customer services was different because it only focused on only the clients who are average or only those spending a lot of high quality services. Most companies are proud to say that they are customer-centric, which is an added advantage because marketers use customer results to understand the customers’ base. This not only saves on time, but resource and scarce resources. A customer-centric organization also makes it easier for the clients to communicate any time with it. Contrary to the traditional strategy of providing services, a customer-centric company has no room for opaque responses which also lack empathy. According to Boyle (2006), using the segmentation tactic at Bet Buy Company helps it to work at a successful pace, particularly when it opened its first stores in China. Since segmentation allows a company to identify its most profitable and least profitable clients in the market, Best Buy’s marketing team identified that China had profitable customers. It is the reason that allowed Best Buy to become successful in China. It is because of the segmentation tactic that Best Stores continues to design its stores according to customer wants, since identified that customers like an

Raw Milk US National Marketing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Raw Milk US National Marketing Strategy - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that retail Raw Milk includes fluid whole milk, hand-skimmed cream, and milk, which has been hand-skimmed. This means a plant cannot use a homogenizer, separator or any other automated apparatus to isolated raw milk from cream. Retail Raw Milk does not include chocolate or flavored milk, or cultured fluid milk. It cannot be applied in producing other food products such as yogurt, butter, puddings, or ice cream. Despite recommendations by the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP), American Medical Association (AMA), Centres for Disease Control (CDC), and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that raw milk not be sold directly to consumers due to it having harmful bacteria like Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella, Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes, raw milk sale is legal in 32 (64%) of the American states. 9 states have made it illegal to sell raw milk, 17 have made it illegal to sell raw milk for human consumption, while the remain ing states have some form of legislation that regulates raw milk trade and consumption. It is projected that there may be changes in raw milk-associated legislation as more states debate the issue. There are no laws prohibiting raw milk sale for other animals’ consumptions though there is, however, a federal ban on interstate trade on raw milk for human consumption. Raw milk, from cattle fed in the grass, has been promoted as a source of naturally occurring conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and antimicrobials in solution. It is important to note that production of raw milk follows more stringent hygiene standards than milk meant for processing/ Raw milk is a low involvement product as it is cheaper than processed milk, frequently purchased as a matter of routine, and has a short shelf life. For the low involvement products, the consumer gives very little thought and forms no feeling of the product until after purchase and consumption.

“Revisiting ‘Bakhar’: Power, Knowledge and Communities” Essay example -

This paper concentrates on the study of the selected ‘bakhars’. The ‘bakhar’, means a Marathi prose historical narrative. Except Mahikavati bakhar, most of the ‘bakhars’ were written from the 17th century to early 19th century. These bakhars were written by Maratha officials on the directions from their masters or senior officials. Those officials were considered as ‘Mahitigar’ i.e. well-informed and knowledgeable persons. The word ‘bakhar’ derived from Arabic word ‘khabar’, which means news or information. The bakhars were about biographies of great personalities, descriptions of great battles or genealogies of prominent families. The origin of ‘bakhar’ literature, from Persian ‘tawarikhs’ and ‘akhabarats’ or from Sanskrit ‘akhyans’ and ‘puranas’, is a matter of debate among the scholars of Maratha history and Marathi linguistics. The most of the historians raised serious questions about the authenticity of ‘bakhar’ as a reliable source for history writing. However, historians had always used and still using ‘bakhar’ as source. The Marathi literary critics, considering ‘bakhars’ as an important Marathi prose genre of the pre-colonial period, focused on various aspects in their studies of bakhars such as writing styles, sketches of characters and events, uses of ‘puranic’ and mythical legends, ideal and moral values, uses of divine interventions, descriptions of society and places, vocabulary and uses of phrases, changing meanings of words, constructions of sentences etc in ‘bakhar’ literature. Unlike the literary critics who mainly studied the origin of bakhar through literary studies as mention above mainly focused on one question i.e. from where bakhar is derived. Making departure from this point, Sumit Guha locates the s... .... Sumit Guha, ‘Speaking Historically: The Changing Voices of Historical Narration in Western India.’ American Historical Review 109, no.4(October 2004):1084-2004. Prachi Deshpande, ‘Creative Past: Historical Memory and Identity in Western India 1700-1960’ Permanent Black, Ranikhet, 2007, p.39. Ibid. See, Anirudh Deshpande, ‘Marathas,Rajputs and Afghans in Mid-Eighteenth-Century India: Bhausahebanchi Bakhar and the Articulation of Cultural difference in Pre-Colonial India’ , Nehru Memorial Museum and Library Occasional Paper: History and Society, New Series-10, 2013 Sabhasad Bakhar, Introduction, p.15 Ibid, pp.1. Ibid pp. 29-38, 116-127. Ibid, p.131 Ibid, p.132 Chitnis Bakhar, Introduction, p. 17, for more details see G S Sardesai, ‘Marathi Riyasat Khand 2’, Popular Prakashan, Mumabai, 2011. Chitnis Bakhar, Introduction, p. 17 Ibid, p.1

Pirates of Silverland Essay

A. INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE Palm Haul Sdn Bhd (PHSB) was actively engaged in the business of transportation of crude palm oil (CPO). It was in a niche market because of high demand in delivering the CPO from the mills to the refineries. In addition, due to this reason, the industry players were rewarded with high gross profit margin which ranged on 35% – 45% with low administrative overheads. However, as PHSB involved in service industry, high cost of sales was inevitable in the operations. This issue created higher competitiveness in the market because the industry players tend to operate more efficaciously in managing cost of sales. Furthermore, oil piracy was the major issue which was difficult to be solved and avoided by the industry players. It also caused to significant impact and losses in this industry. In more serious extent, the persons committed this siphoning cases were not identified and red-handed. This was the reason contributed serious impact to PHSB, as the gross profit margin was substantially narrowed due to highly increased in direct costs. The drastic decrease of gross profit margin certainly not only caused by the single reason mentioned. PHSB was found to incur high compensation paid for CPO shortfall, inconsistency of drivers’ attendance and high expensed on maintenance. PHSB was in critical situation due to the emergence of these challenges. In depth of analysing problem encountered by PHSB, the CPO consigned by PHSB was justified and led to the quality issue in refineries. Oilene Refineries Sdn Bhd (Oilene), one of the major customers of PHSB, criticised the CPO delivered was frequently short and contaminated with water or sludge. The low quality of CPO affected the processing plant of Oilene and additional works had to be performed for cleaning purpose, by shutting down the plant. Because of the serious impact given by PHSB, the management of Oilene decided whether not to proceed for the contract renewal, which would be expired in June 2009. Therefore, En. Rossly must review the operations of PHSB and necessary actions must be taken in order to secure the contract from Oilene. B. COMPANY BACKGROUND Palm Haul Sdn Bhd (PHSB) was established in 2002, in Taiping, Perak. It was a medium-sized enterprise in the CPO transportation business. It had about 200  employees, out of which, 80% was in operations, primarily drivers of the company’s customized tankers. Generally, PHSB was owned and chaired by Datuk S. Najeed, who was the former chief engineer of Ministry of Transport PHSB. The routine operation of PHSB was managed by En. Rossly, the CEO and son-in-law of Datuk S. Najeed. Furthermore, this company was branched into three major functions which included Account cum Finance, Human Resource and Administration functions. And, they were in charged by three key personnel, Romsee Rossly, Ramli Ali and Aliah Ibrahim, respectively. En Rossly decided to engage with a management consultant who was also a friend of En. Rossly’s, to provide effective solutions for the issues endangered PHSB. C. ISSUES LEADING TO THE INCREASE OF DIRECT COST IN PHSB 1. Rising compensation to CPO shortfall and low operating margins 1.1 Issues 1.2.1 Compensation to the refineries Referred to the PHSB’s two years financial reports (2008-2009), there were increasing trends of compensation being made by PHSB to the refineries due to the shortage of CPO during the transportation. It showed that until March 2009, PHSB compensated about RM2 million, which already increased more than 33 % from the compensation they made RM1.5 million in 2008. The compensation cost was on increasing trend which it could be seen from the compensation figures from 2006 until 2009. In 2006, the compensation that PHSB had to bear was RM345, 111 and it was increased double in 2007, RM645, 222, and then again another two-folded increased in 2008, which was at RM1.5 million. PHSB should shoulder the differences in the amount of CPOs that were short-delivered to the refineries. The PHSB’s customer, Oilene Refineries Sdn Bhd (Oilene), claimed that the CPO delivered by PHSB’s tankers, were less than the recorded quantity in the delivery order and some of the CPO had been contaminated with water or sludge. Compared to another transporter hired by Oilene, Tiger Oils Transporter, PHSB’s consignment was the most difficult to be processed. Despite the claim by Oilene on the delivered CPO, there was also a possibility that the CPO turned into sludge because of their chemical reaction to the changes of temperatures in the tanker. Therefore, PHSB should look into this matter as well. Nevertheless, there was a possibility of five years contract, between PHSB and Oilene, would be insecure if these issues were not amicably settled by the PHSB as soon as  possible. 1.2.2 Compensation to the staff Another compensation that PHSB had to cover was regarding the compensation to the staff, such as salaries, allowances and ex-gratia. The compensation amount recorded until March 2009, costing PHSB around RM8.03 million, an increase of 7.1 % compare to 2008. There is a possibility that the increased amount was due too many festive seasons during the year’s end. The amount from both compensation lead to the lower operating margin for the PHSB in 2009 compared to 2008. Operating margin is a measurement of what proportion of a company’s revenue is left over after paying for variable costs of production such as wages, raw materials, etc. A healthy operating margin is required for a company to be able to pay for its fixed costs, such as interest on debt. Low operating margin for the PHSB, meaning they are not making a good profit on every Ringgit that they spending on. It will jeopardise their bottom line for the financial year. 1.2 Recommendations There are five possible recommendations for this issue, which are monthly financial report for the PHSB and to have an additional staff to monitor this irregularity in the account. 1.2.1 Monthly Financial Report By implementing the monthly financial report, PHSB could monitor their expenses on a monthly basis, thus any regularity could be taken care as soon as possible. The standard monthly financial reporting package includes the following two core reports (University of Michigan, n.d.): i. Statement of Activity (SOA) The SOA reports display the posted revenue and expense transactions for an accounting period (i.e. one month period) for the specified parameters (e.g. Project/Grant). By presenting the SOA on the monthly basis, PHSB’s management could thoroughly monitor and review their activities for that particular month. If there is any unnecessary activity, the management could take corrective action before it could jeopardise their operations. ii. Gross Pay Register (GPR) The GPR report is a record of each employee’s paycheck salaries and  allowances. By having this report every month, the management will be able to identify the compensation made to the employees on a monthly basis. And, they will be notified on the additional or irregularities payment that the PHSB made during that particular month. 1.2.3 Close Monitoring on the Tankers Temperature To train and educate PHSB’s drivers on the measurement of the tanker temperatures in order to avoid any chemical reaction which it could turn the liquid form of CPO to sludge. PHSB also have to invest more on the reliable tankers to keep the CPOs in a suitable temperature. 1.2.4 Trucksecure’s System PHSB may install tankers with the Trucksecure System. It is a unique, simple, non-invasive system fuel loss can be detected from either the main or secondary tank, whether taken through the fuel filler neck, sender hole or from puncturing the tank. One of the main problems encountered by haulers is detecting small but regular amounts of stolen fuel. The Trucksecure system has the ability to measure minimal fuel loss to combat this problem with the additional benefit for the operator to detect suspected internal theft covertly via an optional GSM text message. By installing this system, PHSB will be alerted on any attempt to siphon or steal the CPO immediately. Security Company will be alerted as well and they will investigate that particular tanker. This will decrease the possibility of siphoning and stealing of CPOs. 1.2.5 Balance Inventory Levels PHSB have to cooperate with Oilene in implementing the balance inventory levels in checking and manage the CPO. Both companies could review the consignment through the purchase orders, receipt and credit notes, return notes as well as delivery notes which all of it will be validated by representatives from both companies. To follow-up on this method, both companies could have a thorough check on their inventory records. By implementing this method, PHSB could avoid the possibility of receiving less amount of CPOs than stated in the delivery orders. 1 High oil pilferage 1. 2. 3.1. Issues 2.1.1 Siphoning caused to higher direct cost incurred to refineries In the transportation industry, the transporter is required to bear for any losses incur during its consignment. The same practice applied to PHSB, hence, it had to reserve huge sum of money as the compensation to the refineries. In fact, the management found that many of the loaded tankers were not delivered to the refineries, but were found to be abandoned at the roadside by the irresponsible drivers. In addition, the siphoning case also contributed to the high compensation paid to the refineries. As per the case reported, the compensation cost per turnover hit at 7.7% in 2008, and increased to 8.3% as reported in total of three quarters of income statement in 2009. The increase of compensation cost had led to narrower of gross profit margin as it was a part of cost of sales. 2.1.2 Increase of insurance premiums PHSB took a good practice where it mitigated the consignment risk to third party, the insurer. PHSB had bad track records because many cases happened to be the tankers left abandoned by the drivers. The insurer, Allianz Insurance might not be responsible on the abandoned tankers. Moreover, it brought to higher operation risk of PHSB. Thus, there will be a ground for the insurer to charge greater insurance premiums to cover the inconsistency of operation in PHSB. And, the cost of sales of PHSB will be risen significantly due to the Goods-In-Transit insurance is incurred directly to operation in the nature of transportation. 3.2. Recommendations 2.1 2.2.3 Implementation of Fleet Management System (FMS) In the view of Mukhriz Mohd, FMS is a must to be enforced in PHSB. This system allows PHSB to minimise the risks associated with tankers in consignments, improve the operation efficiency and reduce in compensation cost. With this FMS, siphoning cases will be drastically reduced because the management of PHSB is able to detect the delivery locations of the tankers. In addition, it helps to reduce the fuel consumption as well. The problem of abandoned tankers will be eliminated as the drivers will be red-handed with  serious punishments. Therefore, FMS is vital to be installed as PHSB operates in delivery services, despite the high cost of implementation. For the greater reduction in cost of sales and better preventive action, PHSB is strongly advised to enforce accordingly. 2.2.4 Serious disciplinary actions will be taken against drivers As the increase of insurance premiums was due to the irresponsible drivers, actions must be taken to penalise them. This solution is made to reduce or even eliminate such cases to be happened repetitively. Ex-gratia will be deducted for the drivers who are identified to commit on wrong-doing. In more serious extent, if the drivers ignore the disciplinary actions, termination of service will be given to the drivers. This solution may not contribute to immediate financial benefits, however, the insurer will reduce the insurance premiums in future when the abandoned tankers cases decline. In other words, it contributes to greater profit margin of PHSB in long term. 2 High Absenteeism/ Driver Shortage 3.2 Issues As per reported by Ramli Ali, Human Resource Manager of PHSB, the company had the problem on driver shortage due to better offer from bigger company. The company also encountered issue on high absenteeism of drivers. The problem occurred because of irregular routes and away from home for a long period, caused the drivers tend to search for a better jobs or remunerations. 4.4.1. Unattractive remuneration package According to Ramli Ali, PHSB was unable to offer an attractive remuneration package to their drivers. With more attractive remunerations offered by big companies, drivers tend to bite the bait, therefore, PHSB needed to hire and train new drivers more frequently. This activity had made increment in the Administration and Operation Expenses for year 2009. The pilferage activities are recognized to happen during year end. This was identified that most of the drivers more likely needed money during this period of  time, hence, the temptation siphoning the CPO was high. 4.2.1. 4.4.2. Irregular routes and tight scheduling Ramli also declared that irregular routes and tight scheduling were the factors of drivers’ high absenteeism and shortage. By having this problem, it has affected the quality of operation service where refineries claimed that the CPO had not been delivered on time. Lack of drivers means that same driver might be running several deliveries. Each delivery requires them to stay away from home for a few days. Thus, some drivers might not get well rested and home away more than they supposed to be. 4.4. Recommendations 4.5.3. Offering attainable remuneration package PHSB needs to consider giving year-end bonuses to the drivers in order to earn their loyalties. Hence, this will help to reduce drivers’ shortage as well as absenteeism problem that troubled PHSB throughout the year 2009. PHSB can emerge good remuneration package where year-end bonuses given to the drivers and staff. The bonuses will be much lower than the compensation cost that PHSB is currently bearing. PHSB can as well offer rewards to drivers with satisfaction attendance by giving performance incentives by year end. These incentives also can be applied to those who have delivered CPO as per Purchase Order or sludge-free. This will hope to lower the absenteeism percentage. 4.5.4. Realistic Schedule PHSB shall also consider giving annual leave based on Malaysian Industrial Development Authority’s guidelines which is normally provided with annual salary increment that is calculated based on a certain percentage of the basic salary and performance. PHSB shall come out with more realistic schedule which drivers are allowed to have some rest after their long journey. PHSB may as well to schedule more carefully to avoid continual shifts. This may be seen as increment in PHSB’s expenses but in long term, it will help to reduce expenses in staff training as per stated in Administrative and Operating Expenses table. With new remuneration package and realistic schedule, drivers can give their greater commitments on their shifts, as a result, PHSB shall be able to enhance their transportation service. Consequently, PHSB will acquire higher profit since the customers  are satisfied with the service provided, and indirectly, PHSB will able to expand to a bigger network. 3 High Cost of Maintenance 4.3 Issues Being a logistic service provider specialised in transporting CPO, it is crucial to emphasise on the upkeep of its tankers. Indeed, PHSB’s predicament is also related to this matter. As we have gone through the case carefully, we have identified that PHSB is incurring high cost of maintenance. The maintenance costs incurred for the three quarters of years 2009 and 2008 are RM 5.5 million and RM 2,3 million respectively. Thus, PHSB faced a 143.8 % increase in maintenance cost for 2009 compared to 2008* (estimated based on average calculation of total maintenance cost for 3 quarters of the accounting period). Marginal planned cost accounting or flexible analytic cost planning and accounting studies by Sharman (2003) can be referred to understand the cost of sales in the case of PHSB better. Below are the possible root causes of this predicament. 4.4.5 No regular upkeep and maintenance of the tankers. It was found that PHSB did not regulate the maintenance of its tankers. The tankers were only sent for service and repairs when the drivers complained of breakdown. At times, the damages occurred were severe, hence resulting in high cost of repairs. 4.4.6 No standardised administrative mechanism. PHSB is lack of a standardised administration mechanism. At the moment, the perform vehicle and driver allocation and scheduling are done manually. Hence, a lot of time is wasted in the process. The situation get worse if there were any absentee, as the delivery route and allocation of drivers need to be rescheduled. 4.2 Recommendations 4.3.1 Scheduled maintenance program. PHSB should practice a more systematic method of maintaining its tankers. It should ensure each of its tankers have gone total check-up, let say in a  fortnight basis before be available for transporting scheduling. As we are concerned, PHSB is a small company with certain constraints. Its annual gross profit margin is just around 10% over the years. Thus, we understand it will be unable to spare extra cost especially if it wanted to establish an in house maintenance facility for its tankers. However, PHSB could overcome this problem by out-sourcing maintenance services from the market. A yearly contract with the service provider will assist PHSB to upkeep its tankers within a minimal cost. PHSB could use its power of negotiation to get good deals from the service provider for this mean. Moreover, PHSB would have an option to discontinue the contract and assign a new service provider in case of dissatisfaction too. Thus, PHSB will be able to cut sales cost, add competitive value to its company and eventually increase operating profit. 4.3.2 Computerised Scheduling. It was found that manual scheduling method utilised by PHSB delays time. Hence, a computerised scheduling method will be very convenient. This method will help PHSB to organise delivery routes, driver allocations, delivery durations, maintenance breaks and forecast the total cost of sales regarding this matter systematically. Some of Transportation Management System (TMS) softwares that are widely being used by major third party logistic (3PL) companies worldwide include RoadNet Technologies, TMW Systems and Precision. PHSB could employ any of these softwares too, to manage its operation and administration mechanisms. Moreover, this method does not need an expert to carry out or additional staffs as it could be done by single person who knows how to operate computer and familiar with data entering. Besides, PHSB could always acquire consultations and trainings from the system provider if it faces any difficulties related to the software. The quality of CPO transported and the safety of the drivers who work for PHSB are greatly influenced by the condition of the tankers. These aspects would affect PHSB’s entire operation processes if not tackled immediately. Therefore, we believe the recommendations given will hinder such quandary plus contribute to lower direct cost of sales in the future. Consequently, PHSB will be able to increase its operating profit. D. CONCLUSIONS As displayed on the financial statements of PHSB, the loss of RM 1.8 million  marked as the worst performance ever throughout seven years back. This circumstance shall not be repeated if PHSB wishes to remain its competitiveness and roles in the industry. From our analysis, we strongly believe the compensation cost to refineries is the â€Å"Achilles Heel† of PHSB operations. As mentioned above, 8.3% of turnover was solely contributed to compensation expenses. If PHSB is able to manage properly on the direct cost, the reduction portion of the compensation cost will be the additional gains to gross profit margin of PHSB. And, it surely remains PHSB at the higher competitiveness in the industry. However, the key personnel of PHSB must aggressively review on the inconsistencies of the financial reports. The financial reports shall be utilised effectively, as these reports provide a good avenue for the management to identify the weaknesses in the operations, although the informa tion is historical. It is reasonable that salaries and allowances of drivers are the leading cost component in direct cost, as the drivers are the human capital to PHSB. However, it should not be on increasing trend which the gap is bigger than the increasing turnover. Relevant of remuneration package is powerful to retain and attract more human capital. The relevance remuneration package would be in term of performance-based incentives. As this variable reward is individualised, drivers will be more motivated to work disciplinarily in PHSB. Although it will affect the gross profit margin, this direct cost is better to flow to the benefits of internal employees, which will improve the employees’ loyalty, rather than as the compensation cost to refineries. Besides, the upkeep and maintenance must be thoroughly monitored. As mentioned in the case, most of the tankers are fully depreciated. In other words, these aged tankers may lead to higher possibility of breaking down during delivery of PHSB. It is considered cost inefficient when high maintenance cost incurred repeatedly because it will cost a boom to PHSB. As a good recommendation, the tankers must be properly scheduled for regular maintenance checks. This is because preventive maintenance can avoid high repair and replacement costs. Last but not least, the effect from the inefficient operation of PHSB leads to higher inventories held by Oilene. This is because of the inconsistencies delivery provided by PHSB. This circumstance further indicates that Oilene will have poor inventory forecasting. The management of Oilene may find difficult to manage the inventory, as PHSB failed to  consign the accurate and planned quantities. And hence, Oilene is required to maintain high level of inventories. Furthermore, the low quality of CPO, which often contaminate by the drivers, also raises an impact on Oilene’s inventories. Therefore, higher operation cost will be incurred by Oilene. Besides, Oilene will encounter the bottlenecks issue when the inventories level is high. Production capacity of Oilene may not require huge volume of inventories in short period of time. Also, the product under demand will be another constraint which worsening the bottlenecks. As such, the identified inconsistencies of the financial statements shall be addressed with solutions proposed. These recommendations may contribute to higher confidence and possibility of PHSB to secure the service contract with Oilene. With tight monitoring and reviewing on the financial data, PHSB will be operated more consistently and achieve more competitive advantages for greater future growth. References University of Michigan. Financial Operation. Retrieved October 5, 2013 from http://www.finance.umich.edu/finops/reporting/department/standar Sharman, Paul A. (2003). â€Å"Bring On German Cost Accounting†. Strategic Finance (December)

The Dangers of Online Gambling Essay - 1376 Words

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